Karakteristik dan Penatalaksanaan Katarak Anak di Pusat Mata Nasional Rumah Sakit Mata Cicendo Januari 2017 – Desember 2019
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Katarak anak, karakteristik klinis, teknik pembedahan
Abstract
Pendahuluan: Katarak anak merupakan penyebab utama kebutaan yang dapat dicegah pada seluruh anak didunia. Pengetahuan yang komprehensif mengenai karakteristik klinis dan penatalaksanaannya sangat penting dalam menentukan penanganan yang optimal dari katarak anak tersebut untuk mencegah kerusakan gangguan penglihatan yang lebih lanjut.
Tujuan: Untuk mempelajari karakteristik klinis dan pentalaksanaan katarak anak di Pusat Mata Nasional RS. Cicendo periode Januari 2017 – Desember 2019.
Metode: Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif dari rekam medis pasien dengan katarak anak yang dilakukan operasi di Pusat Mata Nasional RS. Cicendo periode Januari 2017 – Desember 2019. Hasil: Total terdapat 224 kasus katarak anak dalam penelitian ini, yang dibagi menjadi katarak kongenital (94,64%) dan katarak developmental (5,36%). Usia terbanyak yaitu kurang dari 2 tahun (59,38%). Jenis kelamin terbanyak yaitu laki-laki (54,02%) dengan katarak bilateral (72,77%). Nistagmus didapatkan pada (67.86%) dan mikrofthalmia (14.21%). Kondisi sistemik penyerta dapat ditemukan pada 68,30% pasien, terbanyak yaitu sindrom kongenital rubella (94,13%). Jenis katarak terbanyak yaitu katarak membranosa (35.14%). Tindakan operasi katarak yang paling sering dilakukan yaitu kombinasi antara aspirasi - irigasi, kapsulotomi posterior primer dan vitrektomi anterior (45,48%).
Kesimpulan: Katarak anak paling sering ditemukan pada anak laki-laki usia kurang dari 2 tahun. Mayoritas katarak tersebut adalah bilateral dan jenis terbanyak adalah membranosa. Teknik operasi katarak yang paling sering dilakukan yaitu kombinasi antara aspirasi - irigasi, kapsulotomi posterior primer dan vitrektomi anterior.
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